Humanoid Database
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Roboy (Germany)
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Summary:
Roboy is a unique, human-sized anthropomimetic robot known for its tendon-driven system. Developed by the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), Roboy is designed to mimic human biomechanics as closely as possible. Instead of traditional rigid motors, Roboy uses cables and motors that simulate muscles and tendons, making its movements compliant and safer for human interaction.
Editorial:
When German engineers tackle humanoids, they don’t just build them—they dissect and rebuild the human body itself. Roboy is a marvel of biomimicry. While most robots use bulky, gear-driven motors, Roboy uses a radical, tendon-driven system, effectively giving him artificial muscles. This isn't just a gimmick; it results in movements that are incredibly fluid and, most importantly, soft. This compliance makes Roboy the perfect testbed for future collaborative robots that need to work closely with humans without posing a crushing hazard. Roboy is the scientific darling of the list, designed not to dominate the world, but to help us understand our own bodies better. His gentle nature and unique construction make him an absolute standout and a testament to the rigorous, systems-level approach of German engineering.
Specifications:
PHYSICAL
Height: ~140–150 cm
Weight: ~35–45 kg
Body Type: Tendon‑driven humanoid
Structure:
Musculoskeletal design
Tendons + elastic elements
3D‑printed bones and joints
Face: Expressive, animated face for HRI
ACTUATION
Actuator Type: Tendon‑driven “muscles”
Mechanics:
Tendons routed through pulleys
Elastic compliance
Human‑like joint behavior
Advantages:
Safe interaction
Smooth, organic motion
Low‑impact dynamics
DEGREES OF FREEDOM
Total DOF: ~40–50 (varies by version)
Key Areas:
Neck: 3 DOF
Arms: 7 DOF each
Hands: Multi‑joint tendon fingers
Torso: Limited DOF
Legs: Present in some versions (not all)
MOBILITY
Roboy has multiple versions:
Roboy 2.0 (most common)
Locomotion: No walking; upper‑body humanoid
Base: Wheeled or stationary
Roboy 3.0 (experimental)
Locomotion: Early bipedal prototypes
Status: Research‑only
MANIPULATION
Hands: Tendon‑driven, multi‑joint fingers
Grip Type: Adaptive, compliant
Payload: Light objects (research‑grade)
Manipulation Rating: 2/5 (precision > strength)
SENSORS
RGB cameras
Depth cameras
Microphone array
Joint position sensors
Tendon tension sensors
IMU
Touch sensors (select areas)
AI & COMPUTE
AI Stack:
Vision‑based perception
Speech interaction
Motion planning
Human‑robot interaction models
Compute: Onboard PC + external compute options
Connectivity: Wi‑Fi, Ethernet
BATTERY & POWER
Power: Tethered or battery (varies by build)
Runtime: Research‑dependent
USE CASES
Biomechanics research
Human‑robot interaction
Robotics education
AI‑driven motion studies
Public demonstrations & outreach
Image: techrepublic
Company Source:
- Roboy 3.0 – Official Project Page
- Roboy – Wikipedia Overview
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROBOY
Key News & Coverage:
- Roboy.org – Roboy 3.0: Telepresence Enabled by AI, Robotics & 5G
- Humanoids Daily – Tracking Humanoid Robotics Developments
https://www.humanoidsdaily.com/